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GIZ

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policy_classification

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LBR

Most recently, Liberia’s Initial National Communication (2013) reinforces the National Energy Policy with additional long-term targets and related activities, which includes: • Reducing GHGs by at least 10% by 2030 • Improving energy efficiency by at least 20% by 2030 • Raising share of renewable energy to at least 30% of electricity production and 10% of overall energy consumption by 2030 • Replacing cooking stoves with low thermal efficiency (5-10%) with the higher- efficiency (40%) stoves. The long-term strategy of Liberia is to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050.

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BLR

Taking into account the economic situation and the country s capabilities, the new unconditional economy-wide target is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 35 per cent from the 1990 level by 2030, inclusive of the LULUCF sector.  The new conditional economy-wide target is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 40 per cent from the 1990 level by 2030, inclusive of the LULUCF sector and subject to using international financing mechanisms to introduce the best available technologies for achieving greenhouse gas emissions reduction.

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LCA

, compared to 2010 emissions, a deeper reduction in emissions than the first NDC, which effectively proposed to reduce GHG emissions by 10 GgCO2e. In terms of percentage decrease, the updated NDC translates to approximately 7% reduction in GHG emissions in the energy sector by 2030, relative to the 2010 emissions. In comparison, Saint Lucia’s first NDC effectively resulted in an emissions reduction of 2%.

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MAR

L’objectif de ce processus est de parvenir à une stratégie intégrée, commune et partagée par toutes les parties prenantes, établissant les principales orientations de l’économie et de la société marocaines entre 2020 et 2050 pour atteindre un objectif de décarbonation à l’horizon 2050 qui soit aligné avec l’Accord de Paris. L’autre objectif de la LT-LEDS est, in fine, de rehausser l’ambition climatique au-delà des objectifs de court terme affichés dans les NDC et consacrer son leadership climatique au niveau mondial en se joignant aux efforts internationaux de neutralité carbone à l’horizon 2050.

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TON

The NDC specifies a Transport sector measure of 2 percent efficiency gain per year for newly purchased light duty vehicles to contribute to the NDC emission reduction target. The LT-LEDS pathway for transport supports this NDC aim through either establishing mandatory vehicle standards and/or incentives for purchasing more efficient vehicles through taxes, fees, or import tariffs.

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DOM

Cómo ha abordado la Parte el Artículo 4, párrafo 6 del Acuerdo de París. La República Dominicana se guía por la Estrategia Nacional de Desarrollo (Ley 1-2012) y por el Plan de Desarrollo Compatible con el Cambio Climático (Plan DECCC-2011) para preparar y comunicar estrategias sectoriales, planes y medidas para un desarrollo con bajas emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero que reflejen sus circunstancias especiales al 2030 y su aspiración de carbono neutralidad al 2050. 7.

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YEM

In this context, Yemen intends to contribute to global efforts to limit greenhouse gas emissions growth contingent on support by the international community. 2. Yemen Mitigation Contributions. Table (1) Overview of Mitigation Targets. Unconditional targets. A 1 percent reduction in GHG emissions by 2030 compared to a business as usual (BAU) scenario*. Conditional targets. An additional 13 % reduction achievable under certain conditions, which would bring the total GHG reduction to 14 percent below BAU emission levels by 2030 **. Financial needs.

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NZL

This is due to a number of factors, such as the existing high level of renewable electricity generation (80-85 per cent), and the make-up of our emissions profile, where almost half of our total emissions originate from agriculture. New Zealand’s domestic 2050 target under the CCRA places an emphasis on long-lived gases. The target is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to net zero by 2050 (excluding biogenic methane for which the target is 24-47 per cent below 2017 levels).

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PSE

Assumes that 20% of trucks and buses could use compressed natural gas by 2040. Modal shift programmes Numerous measures including standard public service contracts, simplified fare systems, improved passenger information and better vehicles and maintenance. Envisions a 25% shift from private vehicle to public bus by 2030. Afforestation Annual increase of 200 hectares of forested land per annum, building on existing forested land. In addition, the State of Palestine commits to unconditionally undertake the mitigation actionsset out inTable 3 below.

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MNG

Increase the share of private hybrid road vehicles from approximately 6.5% in 2014 to approximately 13% by 2030. Shift from liquid fuel to LPG for vehicles in Ulaanbaatar and aimag (province) centres by improving taxation and environmental fee system. Improve enforcement mechanism of standards for road vehicles and non-road based transport. Industrial sector Reduce emissions in the cement industry through upgrading the processing technology from wet- to dry- processing and through the construction of a new cement plant with dry processing up to 2030.

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BRB

Electrical energy efficiency: a 22% reduction in electricity consumption compared to a BAU10 scenario in 2029. Planned measures in this sector include the ‘Public Sector Energy Efficiency and Conservation Programme’, implementation of applicable recommendations through the Caribbean Hotel Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Action-Advanced Program (CHENACT), energy efficiency measures in homes and various LED lighting initiatives. iii. Non-electrical energy efficiency: a 29% reduction in non-electric energy consumption including transport, compared to a BAU scenario in 202910.

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PLW

Under the BAU scenario emissions would be thousand in compared to thousand if both the renewable energy and energy efficiency targets are met.  Emissions in were approximated at thousand tCO2e. Full implementation of the renewable energy and energy efficiency strategies outlined below puts Palau on a trajectory to reducing emissions by half as against BAU in the equivalent of under emissions levels. Business-­‐As Usual emissions projection against INDC full implementation emissions projection (and Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency scenarios disaggregated) Information on Palau’s INDC a.

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TON

Tanu Hala PRINCIPLES Environment Introducing Electric Vehicles (EVs) in the municipal government fleet PRINCIPLES Environment, Education & Culture Implementation of Non-motorised and cycling transport options PRINCIPLES Environment, Traditional Knowledge and Culture and well aligned to Inclusivity, Autonomy, Education & Core Values Public adoption of 50% Electric Vehicles (EVs) PRINCIPLES Environment, Education, Inclusivity, Autonomy & Core Values Transport Sector Pathway Actions Over Time Preparatory activities for non-motorised & cycling transport Preparatory activities for public adoption of 50% EVs Improved data collection Mandatory vehicle standards & incentives for more efficient vehicles Strengthening Road maintenance—Tanu Hala Low emissions vehicles Phased approach across Tongatapu for vehicle waste Introduce EVs in the municipal government fleet Pilots start for cycling paths and pedestrianization Pilot starts for public for public adoption of 50% EVs Tonga Climate Resilient Transport Sector Project 2019–2024 (World Bank) Reduce GHG emissions from road transport by 28% Strengthen Sustainable Maintenance of all vehicles Emergency services in every district Full implementation for non-motorised & cycling transport Full implementation for public adoption of 50% EVs

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NGA

Oil and Gas o Improved enforcement of gas flaring restrictions o Development of Gas-to-Power Plants at Gas Flare Sites (micro grid) o Blending 10% by volume of Fuel-Ethanol with Gasoline (E10) and 20% by volume of Biodiesel with Petroleum Diesel (B20) for Transportation Fuels. 3. Agriculture and Land Use o Climate Smart Agriculture o Stop using charcoal o Benchmarking against international best practice for industrial energy usage o Adoption of green technology in industry o Modal shift from air to high speed rail o Moving freight to rail o Upgrading roads o Urban transit o Toll roads/ road pricing o Increasing use of CNG o Reform petrol/ diesel subsidies The portfolio of policies and measures by sector are described in more detail below.

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JPN

Japan aims to reduce its GHG emissions by 46 percent in FY 2030 from its FY2013 levels, setting an ambitious target which is aligned with the long-term goal of achieving net-zero by 2050. Furthermore, Japan will continue strenuous efforts in its challenge to meet the lofty goal of cutting its emissions by 50 percent. From now on and towards 2030, Japan will work on various measures including technology development, all of which will be in line with the goal of net-zero by 2050.

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CMR

à Effet de Serre SPAND Stratégie et Plan d’Action National pour la Biodiversité TCN Troisième Communication Nationale TdC Théorie du Changement UP Unité de Production USD Dollar Américain ZAE Zone Agroécologique Résumé Synthèse des éléments de compréhension de la CDN 2021 Type d’engagement Réduction des GES par scénario conditionnel et inconditionnel Périmètre et GES couverts Ensemble du territoire national Avec pour principaux cibles les 3 premiers Période couverte Année de référence (année de base) Niveau d’engagement ou de réduction des émissions de GES Le niveau de réduction de GES à l’horizon 2030 est de 35% réparti ainsi qu’il suit :  23% dans un scénario conditionnel  12% inconditionnel Secteurs prioritaires couverts  AFAT (Agriculture, foresterie et autres affectations des terres)  Energie  Déchets Potentiel de Réchauffement Global (PRG)  Métriques : Potentiel de réchauffement Global (PRG) conformément aux orientations du quatrième rapport d’évaluation du GIEC (AR4).

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ERI

If additional support is availed, it can further be reduced by 12.6% in 2020, 24.9% by 2025 and 38.5 by the year 2030. Table 2. Reduction of fossil fuel CO2 emissions Scenario (%) Year Conditional Unconditional The business as usual (BAU) scenario, for all GHG gases, is expected to increase to 4.1 MtCO2 equivalents in 2020, 6.1 MtCO2, in 2025 and in 2030 8.2 MtCO2 eq. Eritrea intends to limit its net greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions in 2030 to less than 7.2 MtCO2 eq.

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TUN

Unconditional and conditional mitigation objectives Tunisia s unconditional contribution corresponds to a 13 per cent reduction in carbon intensity, with 2010 as the base year, or around 1/3 of the overall objective. The conditional contribution allows for an additional decrease of 28 per cent in carbon intensity, with 2010 as the base year.

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BRN

BNCCP Strategy 4 on Renewable Energy - Increase total share of renewable energy to at least 30% of total capacity in the power generation mix by 2035. Ensuring smooth transition towards a nationwide adoption and use of renewable energy technologies mainly solar photovoltaic (PV) will be critical to Brunei Darussalam in achieving its NDC.

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PRK

Unconditional contribution Based the on national circumstances, common but differentiated responsibility and its capability, DPR Korea will reduce GHG emissions by 8.0% compared to BAU scenario, by 2030 with domestic resources. Conditional contribution DPR Korea could achieve the additional contribution equivalent to 32.25% of the GHG emission in the BAU scenario by 2030 if international support is received through international cooperation including the financial support under the Paris Agreement. 2.2 Fair and Ambitious DPR Korea’s GHG emission is 65 714GgCO2e in 2000, which accounts for 0.16% of the World GHG emission in 2000 (40GtCO2e).

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SVN

Suitable spatial and transport planning, application of modern technologies and the transition to a low-carbon circular economy will reduce the need for mobility and the use of motor vehicles. For the most part, freight transport will be implemented by rail. Vehicles will be mostly powered by electricity, supplemented by renewable or synthetic gases which are low-carbon. The target in the transport sector is to reduce emissions by 90 to 99 per cent by 2050 in comparison to 2005.

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ISL

Iceland’s enhanced ambition target of 55 per cent net emissions reduction refers to the joint target of the countries involved; the individual share and commitments of each country is then determined by commonly agreed rules. 2) Iceland‘s Nationally Determined Contribution Iceland‘s Nationally Determined Contribution Iceland is committed to a target of 55 per cent net reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 compared to 1990, acting jointly with the European Union and its Member States and Norway to achieve this target, within the framework of their climate cooperation agreement.

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MAR

Rehabilitate ecosystems and protect and promote natural areas as well as endangered species as resources. Urban Public Transit Improvement Program. Implement large-scale public transit in major urban centers powered by renewable energy. Create a USD 200 million support fund for urban road transportation. Create a Taxi Fleet Renewal Program. Figure 2. Distribution of the expected mitigation effort by sector to achieve the overal target (with AFOLU). Distribution of the effort between 2020 and 2030. Distribution of the effort in 2030. Figure 3.

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MEX

México aumenta su meta de reducción de gases de efecto invernadero de 22% a 35% en 2030, con respecto a su línea base, con recursos nacionales que aportarán al menos un 30% y 5% con cooperación y financiamiento internacional previsto para energías limpias. De forma condicionada, México puede aumentar su meta al 2030 hasta 40%, con respecto a su línea base en 2030, si se escala el financiamiento internacional, la innovación y transferencia tecnológica, y si otros países, principalmente los mayores emisores, realizan esfuerzos conmensurados a los objetivos más ambiciosos del Acuerdo de París. [...] el cumplimiento de los compromisos condicionados asciende a 397 MtCO2e

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MMR

Myanmar commits to an unconditional target for new renewable energy of 11% (2000MW) by 2030. With sufficient international support, Myanmar aims to increase the RE (other) contribution to 3070 MW (17% of the total energy mix) and would make a proportionate reduction in the percentage of energy generation from coal. Myanmar is eager to explore a wide range of technological innovations, first and foremost related to solar and wind energy and potentially exploring mini-hydro, biomass, tidal and other sources of renewable energy as well.

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ISL

Iceland‘s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution Iceland aims to be part of a collective delivery by European countries to reach a target of 40% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. A precise commitment for Iceland within such collective delivery has yet to be determined, and is dependent on an agreement with the European Union and its Member States and possibly other countries.

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LBR

TRANSPORT Mitigation Targets In the Transport sector, 3 Liberia commits to reducing GHG emissions by 15.1% below BAU levels by 2030:4 • Reduction of 16.9 GgCO2e in 2030 by the introduction of electric vehicles with focus on kekehs (for private use); • Reduction of 32.3 GgCO2e in 2030 by supporting the transformation of National Transit Authority (NTA) buses and private vehicles (cars and taxis) to Compressed Natural Gas (CNG); by 2030. Mitigation Actions and Policy Measures • Financial measures through: • the implementation of a vehicle labelling system which is an information system which registers the level of GHG emissions for each vehicle by 2025.

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MHL

In doing this, RMI will make trying to achieve its previously indicative 2030 target binding under the Paris Agreement; � communicates, as an indicative target, its intention to reduce its emissions of GHGs by at least 58% below 2010 levels by 2035. This indicative target would be consistent with RMI’s straight-line intended NDC emissions reduction trajectory from the 2025 target to net zero in 2050, and so represents consistent momentum in RMI’s GHG emissions reductions efforts. 11.

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JOR

Promoting hybrid and electric cars at national level -including 50% of the Public fleet will be EVs- and assuming annual increase in private cars adoption by 2% (this project was developed based on received study from Ministry of transport (letter No. general/152/004382) and based on Energy National Strategy (2020- 2030)). Industrial processes and product use (IPPU). The industrial sector is considered to be one of the main pillars for the Jordanian economy contributed directly to about 24% of the national GDP in 2017.

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ZWE

The updated target is a 40% reduction in economy-wide GHG emissions per capita compared to BAU by 2030, conditional on international support. In the mitigation scenario, economy-wide emissions per capita are projected to be 2.3 tCO2eq in 2030. Climate policies and Strategies Key climate policies already in place when the INDC was submitted included the National Climate Change Response Strategy (NCCRS).

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NLD

Long term strategy on climate mitigation The Netherlands Climate change mitigation is a matter of great urgency. Pursuant to the national Climate Act, the Netherlands needs to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 95% by 2050 compared to 1990. This will be a daunting task for the next 30 years. However, the Netherlands is not starting from scratch. In many areas, the transition is already under way and will pick up pace considerably over the coming years.

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NLD

The Climate Act stipulates that the Netherlands must reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 95% by 2050 compared to 1990. Like most other EU Member States, the Netherlands agrees that the EU should be climate neutral by 2050. The Netherlands is committed to the 95% target regardless of any other agreements at the European level. This is currently one of the most ambitious targets for 2050 laid down by law worldwide.

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GBR

The funding will support the rollout of charging infrastructure, with a particular focus on local on-street residential charging, and targeted plug-in vehicle grants. • Build a globally competitive zero emission vehicle supply chain and ensure our automotive sector is at the forefront of the transition to net zero. • Lead by example with 25% of the government car fleet ultra low emission by December 2022 and all the government car and van fleet zero emission by 2027.

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PSE

Transport Reduce the emissions of the passenger vehicle fleet by 8% by 2030, and 24% by 2040. Scrap 60% of vehicles older than 20 years by 2030, and all vehicles older than 20 years by 2040. Conduct statutory tests on 30% of on-road vehicles by 2030, and 60% by 2040. 20% of all small transit vehicles are replaced with larger capacity buses by 2030, and 40% by 2040.

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BGD

In addition, it incorporates the outcome of further analysis and consultation to enhance our existing plans, and to analyse future GHG emissions trends and mitigation and adaptation options. The INDC of Bangladesh consists of the following elements: � Mitigation contribution: � An unconditional contribution to reduce GHG emissions by 5% from Business as Usual (BAU) levels by 2030 in the power, transport and industry sectors, based on existing resources. 1Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) Version 2.0. (Washington, DC: World Resources Institute, 2014)".

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RUS

National circumstances, such as geography, climate, economy, sustainable development and poverty The preparation of a decision on the approval of the target to limit greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 was provided for by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 03.11.2016 No. 2344-r and was linked to the development of a national strategy for long-term development with low greenhouse gas emissions for the period until 2050.

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BIH

Emission reduction that BiH unconditionally might achieved, compared to the BAU scenario, is 2% by 2030 which would mean 18% higher emissions compared to the base year 1990. Significant emission reduction is only possible to achieve with international support, which would result in emission reduction of 3% compared to 1990, while compared to the BAU scenario it represents a possible reduction of 23%.

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GMB

For population projections the UN population prospectus 2012 medium fertility scenario was used. Individual assumptions were made for the mitigation options/activities in different sectors 3.2: Contributions to 2015 agreement Overall National Reductions Treatment of the Land Use Land Use-Change and Forestry (LULUCF) emissions category has not been considered in the INDC. Excluding LULUCF and for Low Emissions Scenario, emissions will be reduced by about 44.4% in 2025 and 45.4% in 2030 (see Figures 1 and 2 below).

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IDN

The commitment will be implemented through effective land use and spatial planning, sustainable forest management which include social forestry program, restoring functions of degraded ecosystems including wetland ecosystems, improved agriculture productivity, energy conservation and the promotion of clean and renewable energy sources, and improved waste management. Indonesia can increase its contribution up to 43.20% reduction of emissions in 2030 conditionally, compared to 41% in the 1st NDC, subject to availability of international support for finance, technology transfer and development and capacity building. 4.2 .

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MEX

9 Componente de mitigación Nuestra Contribución Determinada a Nivel Nacional en materia de mitigación con un mayor nivel de ambición establece las siguientes metas: México aumenta su meta de reducción de gases de efecto invernadero de 22% a 35% en 2030, con respecto a su línea base, con recursos nacionales que aportarán al menos un 30% y 5% con cooperación y financiamiento internacional previsto para energías limpias. De forma condicionada, México puede aumentar su meta al 2030 hasta 40%, con respecto a su línea base en 2030, si se escala el financiamiento internacional, la innovación y transferencia tecnológica, y si otros países, principalmente los mayores emisores, realizan esfuerzos conmensurados a los objetivos más ambiciosos del Acuerdo de París.

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AUS

Australia is committed to developing an adaptation communication ahead of COP26 on our ongoing action and progress to the UNFCCC. 2 Australia and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classifications. Attachment: Australia’s Nationally Determined Contribution Target: 26 to 28 per cent below 2005 levels by 2030, to be implemented as an emissions budget covering the period 2021-2030.

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UGA

Introduction of at least 200 e-buses in GKMA in Development of Non- Motorized Transport (NMT) infrastructure Road: Walking accounts for 2015 passenger KM (PKM) Motorised: 66,715 million Non-motorised: 78,318 million 100 km of complete streets or dedicated NMT corridors, constructed in greater Kampala area in 2030 leading to 10% shift in PKM by mode from other passenger modes. Construct 100 km of NMT facilities in secondary cities in 2030. 13 Transformative Urban Mobility Initiative (TUMI) E-bus Mission. 14 Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA). (2018).

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TON

The Tonga Climate Change Policy sets the targets of ‘a transport system that is not reliant on fossil fuels’ and ‘100 per cent renewable energy’. This LT-LEDS aligns with this aim as well as with the aims of Tonga’s Second NDC which states a target of reducing GHG emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels by 13 percent (16 Gg) by 2030, compared to 2006.

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PHL

The Philippines intends to undertake GHG (CO2e) emissions reduction of about 70% by 2030 relative to its BAU scenario of 2000-2030. Reduction of CO2e emissions will come from energy, transport, waste, forestry and industry sectors. The mitigation contribution is conditioned on the extent of financial resources, including technology development & transfer, and capacity building, that will be made available to the Philippines.

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NGA

The measures identified are as follows: o Renewable energy, particularly decentralized o Multi-cycle power stations o Scalable power stations of 20-50MW o Enforced energy efficiency o Use of natural gas rather than liquid fuels 2. Oil and Gas o Improved enforcement of gas flaring restrictions o Development of Gas-to-Power Plants at Gas Flare Sites (micro grid) o Blending 10% by volume of Fuel-Ethanol with Gasoline (E10) and 20% by volume of Biodiesel with Petroleum Diesel (B20) for Transportation Fuels. 3.

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LTU

16 % of vehicles of category N2 and N3; 27.1.12. to equip at least 60,000 charging points for electric vehicles, including 6,000 public and semi-public charging points for electric vehicles; 27.1.13. to ensure that, from 2023, all petrol stations, bus and railway stations, airports and seaports, whether under construction or reconstructed, must have at least one public charging point for electric vehicles with high or very high capacity; 27.2. by 2040: 27.2.1. to increase energy efficiency, the use of RES and alternative fuels, to promote zero-emission, interconnected, digitalised and sustainable mobility in multimodal transport, ensuring a 50 % reduction in the use of fossil fuels in road transport by 2035; 27.2.2. by 2035, to ensure that passenger transport and logistics services in cities are provided only by zero-emission vehicles; 27.2.3. the infrastructure for charging and refuelling vehicles is consistently expanded, taking into account the increasing number of zero-emission vehicles; 27.2.4.

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KOR

The Special Report suggests pathways that global net anthropogenic CO2 emissions decline by about 45% from 2010 levels by 2030, and reach net zero around 2050, for limiting global warming to 1.5°C by 2100. ▍How the long-term strategy was developed The Paris Agreement recommends that all Parties strive to formulate and communicate Long-term low greenhouse gas Emission Development Strategies (LEDS) by 2020 as long-term vision for responding to climate change.

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ZWE

5% shift from private car to public transport in 2030 LEDS The success in the implementation of the mitigation measures in the energy sector will largely depend on overcoming a number of barriers. The main challenge is a lack of funding for large capital projects. The electricity grid will also require upgrading in order to accommodate the numerous renewable energy projects that are planned.

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SGP

As a result, Singapore contributes to 2.2% of global trade, but only accounts for around 0.11% of global emissions. 3) Singapore’s INDC is a Stretch Goal Singapore’s aim to reduce its Emissions Intensity by 36% from 2005 levels, and to stabilise its emissions with the aim of peaking around 2030 is a stretch goal. As one of the most globalised economies and a trading nation with no indigenous resources, Singapore is heavily dependent on the global supply chain for its food and energy security.

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CIV

Les CDN révisées présentent un objectif inconditionnel d’atténuation de 30,41% correspondant à un abatte- ment de trente-sept (37) millions de tonnes équiva- lent CO2 à l’horizon 2030 par rapport au scénario de référence ; tandis que l’objectif conditionnel est porté à 98,95% (mesures inconditionnelles et conditionnelles) à l’horizon 2030 par rapport au scénario de référence. Ce nouvel objectif marque une augmentation exception- nelle de l’ambition d’atténuation par rapport à la première version des CDN tout en dégageant les pers- pectives pour l’atteinte de la neutralité carbone à l’horizon 2030.

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ISR

Recognition of the desirability of a net-zero emissions goal by 2050 and a global target to limit temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Therefore the 2050 target of 85% GHG emissions reduction will be periodically revisited. The following sectoral targets were set: Transport As of 2026, all new municipal buses purchased will be clean vehicles as defined in section 77A of the Transport Ordinance [New Version].

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UGA

Implement 101 km of BRT in GKMA in 2030.18 Policies introduced to manage the use of personal motor vehicles to reduce congestion and encourage a shift to public transport, walking, and cycling. Including parking management and secure cycle parking. GKMA Passenger service Rail: Historical growth rate continues across period. 12% fuel economy improvement of diesel locomotives achieved in 2030 relative to 2015. Minimal policies to encourage mass transit uptake over private vehicles. Implement 61 km of passenger MGR rail in 2030.

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BRA

Additionally, Brazil commits to reduce its emissions in 2030 by 43%, compared with 2005. Brazil’s Nationally Determined Contribution is compatible with an indicative longterm objective of reaching climate neutrality in 2060. The final determination of any long-term strategy for the country, in particular the year in which climate neutrality may be achieved, will, however, depend on the proper functioning of the market mechanisms provided for in the Paris Agreement.

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KOR

With regard to new buildings, including privately-owned buildings, more buildings will be required to be certified as zero-energy buildings that minimize energy consumption, and energy efficiency standard will be strengthened for home appliances and office equipment. In the transportation sector, the Republic of Korea has set the target of deploying 3 million units of electric vehicles and 850,000 hydrogen vehicles by 2030 with a view to scaling up the deployment of zero-emission vehicles.

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GBR

The legally binding Climate Change Act 2008 sets a framework for the UK to reduce GHG emissions and build capacity to adapt and strengthen resilience to climate risks11. The Act originally committed the UK to cut its emissions by at least 80% below the 1990 baseline level by 205012. On 27 June 2019, this target was amended, committing the UK to a legally- binding target of net zero emissions by 2050, set on a whole-economy basis.

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SYC

Table 1: Estimate (lower bound) of the cost of mitigation Sector/sub-sector Mitigation action Cost (million USD) 90 MW of solar PV (capital expenditure, and operation & maintenance cost over lifetime 1 As per the Energy Policy 2010, the target of 15% renewable electricity in 2030 is met predominantly using solar PV 2 The capital cost of 1 MW installed of solar PV has been assumed to be USD 1.75 million, while the operation & maintenance cost has been taken as 19,000 USD/MW/yr. Waste management Retrofitting the old landfill (Providence 1) with landfill gas capture and flaring equipment3 Land transport 30% of private vehicles are electric by 20304 15.8 MW of solar PV for meeting the energy demand of electric vehicles (capital expenditure, and operation & maintenance costs) TOTAL Cost of priority Adaptation Actions The threats caused by climate change will have significant impacts on Seychelles in the short, medium and

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BGD

Conditional contribution Contribution assuming additional international support Bangladesh will reduce its GHG emissions in the power, transport, and industry sectors by 36 MtCO2e by 2030 or 15% below BAU emissions for those sectors. These contributions are illustrated graphically below. Figure 1: Projection of GHG emissions (MtCO2e) on power, transport and industry sectors from The reduction will occur as illustrated in following Table 2.

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KEN

Despite our first NDC being fully conditional to international support, most of the progress made in implementation to date is from domestic resources. 3. Compared to our first NDC target of 30 % emission reduction, our updated NDC commits to Abate GHG emissions by 32% by 2030 relative to the BAU scenario of 143 MtCO2eq; and in line with our sustainable development agenda and national circumstances. The timeframe for implementation of the NDC is up to 2030, with milestone targets at 2025. 4.

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YEM

Also Yemen has low GHG emission per capita of approximately 0.92 t CO2-eq in 2011 and ranks at the lowest levels relative to the world average which had already reached 7 t CO2-eq per capita in 2010. This INDC document proposes 14 percent GHG emission reduction target by 2030 below BAU which represents an estimated total cumulative GHG reduction of about 35 MtCO2-eq from 2020 through 2030; this includes 1 percent unconditional target and 13 percent conditional target.

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SLE

Waste: Sierra Leone commits to waste mitigation by increased access to solid waste management infrastructure, to reduce emissions from treatment, transportation, and disposal. Transport: Sierra Leone makes a commitment to develop and implement policies and strategies that limit the age of used vehicles imported into the country, promote emission testing for all heavy types of machinery and vehicles, ensure quality control for spare parts for all types of vehicles, and improve road infrastructure.

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IDN

Indonesia can increase its contribution up to 43.20% reduction of emissions in 2030 conditionally, compared to 41% in the 1st NDC, subject to availability of international support for finance, technology transfer and development and capacity building. 4.2 . S COP E A N D COVERAG E Type Emission reduction relative to Business As Usual (BAU) baseline. Baseline BAU scenarios of emission projection started in 2010.

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VUT

Coverage Energy; Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU); and Waste Timeframe Single year target – 2030, including updates on 2025 targets Energy Energy Industry (Electricity Generation)  By 2030, Renewable Energy Capacity Addition and substituting (replacement) of fossil fuels with Coconut (Copra) Oil based Electricity Generation: transitioning to close to 100% renewable energy in the electricity generation sector. Transport  By 2030, 10% improvement in transport (land and marine) energy efficiency  Electric Vehicles (e-Mobility): by 2030, (a) Introduce Electric Vehicles (e-buses) for public transportation (10% of total Public Buses); (b) Introduce Electric Cars (e-Cars) in Vanuatu (10% of government fleet); and (c) 1000 Electric Two wheelers (e-bikes) /Three Wheelers (e- rickshaw)  By 2030, 20 % Bio-diesel (bio-fuel) Blending in Diesel  By 2030, Milage and Emission Standards for Vehicles Other Sectors - Commercial, Institutional and Residential  By 2030, (a) 100% electricity access by households in off-grid

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NPL

By 2030, increase sales of e-vehicles to cover 90% of all private passenger vehicle sales, including two-wheelers and 60% of all four-wheeler public passenger vehicle sales. By 2030, develop 200 km of the electric rail network to support public commuting and mass transportation of goods

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JPN

However, the planned power outages and fuel supply stagnation resulting from the March 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and the large-scale power outages linked to the September 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake were a reminder of vulnerabilities in the existing energy infrastructures, posing risks to livelihoods and economy. 7 The outlook for energy supply and demand in FY2030; it shows the outlook for energy supply and demand on the ambitious assumption that various challenges in both aspects of supply and demand in promoting thorough energy efficiency measures and expansion of non-fossil energy will be overcome for 46% reduction in the light of the declaration that Japan aims to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 46% in FY2030 compared to FY2013, as an ambitious target which is aligned with the long-term goal of net-zero by 2050, while continuing strenuous efforts in its challenge to meet the lofty goal of cutting its

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USA

The United States is strongly committed to reducing greenhouse gas pollution, thereby contributing to the objective of the Convention. In response to the request in Lima to communicate to the secretariat its intended nationally determined contribution towards achieving the objective of the Convention as set out in its Article 2—the stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system—the United States intends to achieve an economy-wide target of reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by 26-28 per cent below its 2005 level in 2025 and to make best efforts to reduce its emissions by 28%.

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PSE

• Reducing the emissions of the passenger vehicle fleet by 8% by 2030, and 24% by 2040. • Scrapping 60% of vehicles older than 20 years by 2030 and scrapping all vehicles older than 20 years by 2040. • Conducting statutory tests on 30% of on-road vehicles by 2030, and 60% by 2040.

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BTN

It is projected that both the frequency and intensity of extreme climate events would increase with changing climate. Major existing laws and policies applicable to the INDC from Bhutan include the Constitution of  the  Kingdom  of  Bhutan,  National  Environment  Protection  Act  (NEPA)  2007,  National Forest Policy 2011, and Economic Development Policy (EDP) 2010. Mitigation Bhutan  intends  to  remain  carbon  neutral  where  emission  of  greenhouse  gases  will  not exceed carbon sequestration by our forests, which is estimated at 6.3 million tons of CO2.

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KGZ

Based on the IPCC and IEA developments in the context of the below 2°C objective, the target is communicated in CO2. For INDC monitoring, emission of other GHGs was accounted in CO2-eq (shown in Section 12). 2. Time frame Kyrgyz Republic will reduce GHG emissions in the range of 11.49 - 13.75% below BAU in 2030. Additionally, under the international support Kyrgyz Republic could implement the mitigation measures to achieve total reduction in the range of 29.00 - 30.89% below BAU in 2030.

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AUS

The Government will ensure that policies used in the post-2020 period are efficient and complementary with one another, and are appropriately calibrated towards achieving Australia’s 2030 target. As a Attachment: Australia’s intended nationally determined contribution Target: 26 to 28 per cent below 2005 levels by 2030 Reference point Base year Time frames Period covered Scope and Coverage Target type Absolute economy-wide emissions reduction by 2030, to be developed into an emissions budget covering the period 2021-2030 Gases covered Carbon dioxide (CO2); Methane (CH4); Nitrous oxide (N2O); Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs); Perfluorocarbons (PFCs); Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6); Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) Sectors covered Energy; Industrial processes and product use; Agriculture; Land-use, land-use change and forestry; Waste % of base year emissions covered 100 per cent of greenhouse gas emissions and removals in Australia’s national greenhouse gas inventory Assumptions and methodological approaches for emissions estimates and accounting Metrics Australia intends to apply 100 year Global Warming

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ATG

100% of community and sports infrastructure and assets are climate resilient (to withstand at a minimum Category 4 tropical cyclones) and have adequate water harvesting and storage system Conditional 10. 30,000 homes or 50% of pre-2020 homes to have back-up renewable energy systems for at least 4–6 hours of energy Conditional 11. All waterways are protected to reduce the risks of flooding and health impacts 2030 Conditional Targets to support social inclusion, gender and reduce transitional risks Just Transition 12.

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PAN

En seguimiento a los compromisos adquiridos por el país en el marco del Acuerdo de Paris (AP), la actualización de la primera Contribución Determinada a Nivel Nacional de Panamá (CDN1) es innovadora, justa y ambiciosa, toda vez que se fundamenta en un enfoque integrado, en el cual las acciones para la adaptación y mitigación se complementan para la construcción de resiliencia y avanzar hacia la neutralidad en carbono del país al 2050

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MHL

They put RMI on a trajectory to nearly halve GHG emissions between 2010 and 2030, with a view to achieving net zero GHG emissions by 2050, or earlier if possible. RMI’s pursuit of an absolute, economy-wide emission reduction target is a far more ambitious approach than the contemplation in Decision 1/CP.20 that “LDCs and SIDS may communicate information on strategies, plans and actions for low GHG emission development…” (para. 11) 1 World Development Indicators (2013), World Bank.

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ETH

those not served by the grid) Percentage of population with stable access to electricity from alternative off-grid renewable energy (RE) technologies Number of unstable and unreliable diesel-based standalone generator systems Percentage of increased renewable energy contribution Percentage of reduced total electricity waste in transmission and distribution systems Percentage improvement in private sector contribution in energy generation and distribution none Number of green jobs created in the Energy sector To be established To be established Number of capacity building interventions for actors across renewable energy value chain To be established To be established Percentage increase in women and youth participation in RE development and utilisation To be established To be established UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION Adaptation intervention (Commitment) SECTOR: TRANSPORT Build sustainable transport systems for resilience through enhanced access to mobility Length of non-motorised transport infrastructure constructed Number of cities/ towns (above 50k residents) with dedicated non-motorised transport lanes (for bicycles)

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GBR

• The rail network will be net zero emissions by 2050 through a sustained, long-term programme of investment in rail electrification, supported by deployment of battery and hydrogen-powered trains. • UK aviation and shipping will achieve net zero emissions by 2050. Ahead of that, our domestic lead will act as a showcase to the world and bolster our call to action internationally, where cooperation and collaboration through the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO), will continue to be vital to decarbonise these industries.

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TON

The 2020 Energy Efficiency Master Plan —in its current draft versions —does not propose a target that quantifies the reduction of GHG emissions from transport. However, the plan suggests that a combination of targets would lead to an estimated reduction of 28% compared to GHG emission levels in 2030 under a business as usual scenario.

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IND

India’s NDC is ambitious, and it is a significant contribution towards achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement. Environmentally sustainable, low carbon initiatives are underpinning all key sectors of the Indian economy. 3 of 3 India reaffirms its commitment to the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. This update to India’s existing NDC is a step forward towards our long term goal of reaching net-zero by 2070.

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IND

• Comprehensive package for electric vehicles, including domestic manufacturing in auto parts and batteries, investments in charging infrastructure and demand aggregation. • Indian Railways to become net-zero by 2030, leading to annual mitigation of 60 million tonnes of CO2. • Multiple policies to enhance the share of public, non-motorized transport. • A National Master Plan for Multi-modal Connectivity – PM Gati Shakti. • Integrated and optimized freight networks through programmes such as Gati Shakti, Transit-oriented development, Bharatmala, Sagarmala, and dedicated rail freight corridors.

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KHM

The FOLU sector is expected to become a significant carbon sink in 2050, leaving room for other sectors to incrementally transition towards carbon neutrality. Figure 6: GHG emissions projections in the BAU and LTS4CN scenarios The LTS4CN scenario suggests that Cambodia could achieve overall carbon neutrality in 2050 with the FOLU sector providing a total carbon sink of about 50 MtCO2e. The waste and IPPU sectors will be the least emitting sectors in 2050 with 1.6 and 1.2 MtCO2e, respectively.

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MWI

MALAWI’S UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION 5 Mitigation contribution Malawi‟s mitigation contribution takes the form of a reduction in GHG emissions relative to a business-as-usual (BAU) emissions baseline over the period to 2040. The contribution comprises of two components:  Unconditional contribution: A reduction of 6 per cent relative to BAU in the year 2040; equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of 2.1 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e) in that year.

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BLZ

As a member of the High Ambition Coalition, Belize has committed to increasing emissions reduction ambition in an updated NDC and developing a long-term strategy aligned with achieving net zero global emissions by 3.3.1 Policy landscape for climate change in Belize The Government of Belize is committed to strategically transition to low carbon development while strengthening its resilience to the effects of climate change. Belize has mainstreamed climate change into its national development planning framework, including the long-term development plan (Horizon 2030) and medium-term development plan (Growth and Sustainable Development Strategy).

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MWI

The contribution comprises of two components:  Unconditional contribution: A reduction of 6 per cent relative to BAU in the year 2040; equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of 2.1 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e) in that year. This is an unconditional target, based on domestically supported and implemented mitigation measures and policies.  Conditional contribution: An additional reduction of 45 per cent relative to BAU in the year 2040; equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of 15.6 million tCO2e in that year.

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ISL

The European Union and its Member States have since communicated that they, acting jointly, are committed to a binding target of a net domestic emission reduction of at least 55 per cent to 2030 compared to 1990. Iceland’s enhanced ambition target of 55 per cent net emissions reduction refers to the joint target of the countries involved; the individual share and commitments of each country is then determined by commonly agreed rules.

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ARE

This reform aims to support the national economy, lower fuel consumption, and protect the environment; • a federal freight rail network crossing the country and eventually integrated into the GCC network; • the Emirate of Abu Dhabi has also set targets to shift 25% of government vehicle fleets to compressed natural gas; and • the Emirate of Dubai has invested in a multi-billion dollar light-rail and metro system, which will continue to add new lines. The UAE continues to improve the emission standards for new motor vehicles, in accordance with European emission standards, as well as through the introduction of standard labels.

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MCO

8 Rapport spécial du GIEC sur les conséquences d’un réchauffement planétaire de 1,5 °C par rapport aux niveaux préindustriels et les trajectoires associées d’émissions mondiales de gaz à effet de serre, dans le contexte du renforcement de la parade mondiale au changement climatique, du développement durable et de la lutte contre la pauvreté – Résumé à l’intention des décideurs –de l’Environnement En décidant de réduire ses émissions de gaz à effet de serre de 55% en 2030 par rapport à 1990, la Principauté de Monaco a décidé d’aligner son engagement à horizon 2030 sur cette trajectoire.